• numpy

    How to permute along axis in Numpy

    I will show you how to use numpy to permute the elements of an array along a given axis. Permuting means rearranging the order of the elements in a way that preserves their shape and size. For example, if we have an array of shape (2, 3, 4), we can permute the elements along the first axis (axis=0) to get a new array of shape (2, 3, 4) with different rows.

  • numpy

    How to use random seed in Numpy

    I’ll explain how to use the random seed in NumPy, a widely used Python library for scientific computing. Setting a random seed allows you to control the randomness in NumPy’s random number generators, which are essential for tasks like generating random data, shuffling arrays, sampling from distributions, and more.

  • Pandas

    TypeError: ufunc ‘add’ did not contain a loop with signature matching types

    If you are working with pandas and numpy, you might encounter a TypeError like this: TypeError: ufunc ‘add’ did not contain a loop with signature matching types dtype (‘S21’) dtype (‘S21’) dtype (‘S21’) This error means that you are trying to add two arrays with incompatible data types. For example, you might have an array of strings and an array of numbers, and you want to concatenate them with a separator character.

  • numpy

    How to Fix AttributeError: ‘numpy.ndarray’ Has No Attribute (Complete Guide)

    Master the complete troubleshooting process for NumPy AttributeError. Learn common mistakes, pandas confusion, method requirements, and debugging techniques with working examples. ⚡ Quick Answer: This error means NumPy array doesn’t have the attribute you’re calling. Common causes: 1) Using pandas methods on NumPy arrays (.values, .append), 2) Misspelling attribute names, 3) Forgetting parentheses on methods. Check object type with type(obj) to confirm it’s actually a NumPy array.

  • numpy

    How to resolve TypeError: Cannot perform reduce with flexible type

    I will explain how to resolve the error TypeError: Cannot perform reduce with flexible type that may occur when using NumPy functions on arrays with different data types. NumPy is a popular Python library for scientific computing that provides fast and efficient operations on multidimensional arrays. One of the features of NumPy is that it allows you to apply reduction functions (such as sum, mean, max, min, etc.) to an array along a given axis or over the whole array. For example, you can use np.sum(arr) to get the sum of all the elements in arr, or np.sum(arr, axis=0) to…

  • Scipy

    How to Use scipy.optimize.least_squares

    In this blog post, I will show you how to use scipy.optimize.least_squares to solve nonlinear least squares problems in Python. Nonlinear least squares problems are optimization problems where the objective function is a sum of squared residuals, and the residuals depend on some nonlinear function of the parameters. For example, suppose we have some data points (x, y) and we want to fit a curve of the form y = a * exp(b * x) + c, where a, b and c are the parameters to be estimated. This is a nonlinear least squares problem because the residuals are y…

  • Scipy

    Using scipy curve_fit to fit a function with multiple independent variables

    In this blog post, I will show you how to use scipy curve_fit to fit a function with multiple independent variables. Curve fitting is a technique to find the best parameters for a model function that describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. Scipy curve_fit is a function in the scipy.optimize module that performs non-linear least squares curve fitting.

  • Tkinter

    How to Get Value from Spinbox in Tkinter

    One of the widgets that Tkinter provides is the Spinbox The Spinbox widget allows you to select a value from a fixed range of numbers or a list of values. We will learn how to create a Spinbox widget and how to get the value that the user has selected.

  • Python

    How to calculate bonds in Python

    We’ll explore how to calculate bond prices using Python, covering both regular coupon bonds and zero-coupon bonds. Bonds are a fundamental component in finance, and understanding how to compute their prices is essential for investors and financial analysts.

  • Python

    How to Convert Int to Binary in Python: 6 Methods Compared

    Master multiple techniques for converting integers to binary in Python. Learn which method is fastest, most readable, and best for your specific use case with performance benchmarks. ⚡ Quick Answer: Use bin(42) for simple conversion (returns '0b101010'). Use format(42, 'b') to remove the ‘0b’ prefix. Use format(42, '08b') for fixed-width binary with leading zeros.